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Chapter: 1 -Problem: 54 >> Consider a map oriented so that the x axis runs east–west (with east being the “positive” direction) and y runs north–south (with north “positive”). A person drives 25 km to the north, turns and drives 75 km to the east, and then turns north and drives for an unknown distance z. If his final position is 95 km from where he started, find z.
Answer Preview: Using geometry and a sketch we can find the vector sum of the …

, Chapter: 6 -Problem: 5 >> Consider an apple that falls from a branch to the ground below. At what moment is the kinetic energy of the apple largest? At what moment is the gravitational potential energy largest?
Answer Preview: The kinetic energy is largest when the speed is largest This is …

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 72 >> A wire is formed so as to make a circular loop connecting two long, straight sections as shown in Figure P20.72. If the radius of the loop is R = 20 cm and the wire carries current I = 2.4 A, what are the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at the center of the loop? Transcribed Image Text:
Answer Preview: We previously used Ampres law to find the equation for the magnetic field at a given distance from a …

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 57 >> Consider the rotational motion of the wheels of a car when the car is in motion. Use a drawing to show the direction of the angular momentum of each wheel.
Answer Preview: The angular momentum vector is perpendicular to the plane of …

, Chapter: 19 -Problem: 93 >> The photo in Figure P19.93 shows an electric circuit containing resistors, batteries, and a capacitor. Draw a circuit diagram that corresponds to this circuit. Transcribed Image Text: Resistor Capacitor Resistor Figure P19.93 PAMA
Answer Preview: Use standard symbols for electronic components and redraw the circuit in a blo…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 62 >> A house sits in a valley and is 30 m lower than the water tower that serves it. What is the speed of water when it sprays out of a shower in the house? Assume an ideal fluid (i.e., a fluid with no viscosity).
Answer Preview: Bernoullis equation allows us to keep track of how pressure and speed change as a flu…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 26 >> The human body emits blackbody radiation (Chapter 14 and Eq. 14.14). What is the approximate wavelength at which this radiation has its greatest intensity?
Answer Preview: The peak wavelength radiated by a blackbody is deter…

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 52 >> An owl is chasing a squirrel and is using echolocation (the reflection of sound) to aid in the hunt. If the squirrel is 25 m from the owl, how long does it take sound to travel from the owl to the squirrel and then back to the owl?
Answer Preview: The speed of sound in air is 343 m s Since the distance the so…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 65 >> Consider an RL circuit with resistance 45? and inductance 250 mH placed in series. (a) If a 10-V battery is connected to the circuit, how long would it take the current to reach 10 mA? (b) What is the voltage drop across the inductor at this time?
Answer Preview: We can recall the behavior of an open circuit inductor at t 0 no current flows through the ind…

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 41 >> Consider a simple pendulum with L = 1.2 m and m = 2.0 kg. Suppose the mass is initially at rest at the lowest point on its trajectory when it is given an impulse such that it then has a velocity of 0.10 m/s. What is the total mechanical energy of the oscillator?
Answer Preview: Total mechanical energy of an oscillator is its kinetic energy plus its potential energy No sketch …

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 58 >> A cylinder has volume V and charge density ? (Fig. P17.58). What is the electric flux through a sphere of radius R that encloses the cylinder? Figure P17.58  Transcribed Image Text: V
Answer Preview: Gausss law allows us to calculate the flux through a surface knowing only the charge contained See …

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 8 >> An ideal gas absorbs 400 J of heat from its environment and does 800 J of work on the environment. Find the change in the internal energy of the gas and the change in the internal energy of the environment.
Answer Preview: The first law of thermodynamics relates the change of internal energy of a system to the heat tr…

, Chapter: 1 -Problem: 36 >> Consider the motion of the hour hand of a clock. What angle does the hour hand make with respect to the vertical 12 o’clock position when it is (a) 3:00, (b) 6:00, (c) 6:30, (d) 9:00, and (e) 11:10? Express each angle in both degrees and radians, and measure angles going clockwise from the vertical axis.
Answer Preview: The concepts needed here are trigonometry angular units and conversion factors See …

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 17 >> In the event of a two-car, head-on collision, would you rather be riding in a heavy car (large mass) or a small car? Justify your answer in terms of the impulse and force on a car during a collision.
Answer Preview: Based only in terms of momentum and not the safety of ot…

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 60 >> The plane of a circular current loop is oriented at a nonzero angle u relative to a magnetic field parallel to z (Fig. P20.60). If the current loop is free to rotate about an axis perpendicular to z, which of the following is true? (a) The loop will rotate so that the axis of the loop (indicated by the dashed line in the figure) is perpendicular to B(vector) the loop (indicated by the dashed line
Answer Preview: You can picture the current loop as if it were a magnet Another method is …

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 60 >> A boy of mass mboy stands at the edge of a merry-go-round of radius R = 3.5 m and mass mmgr, and both are initially at rest. The boy then walks along the edge of the merry-go-round. After walking a distance of 21 m relative to the merry-go-round, the boy finds that the merry-go-round has rotated through an angle of 20°. Find the ratio of mboy to mmgr.
Answer Preview: The angular momentum of the boy merry go round system is constant and since both start at rest zero …

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 8 >> In Figure P20.8, what is the direction of the force on bar magnet 3?  Transcribed Image Text: Magnet 3 N Magnet 2 Magnet 1 Figure P20.8
Answer Preview: In magnetism we know like poles repel each other In terms of magnetic fields the magneti…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 96 >> Collapsing submarines. The collapse depth of a typical military submarine—that is, the depth at which the submarine would be crushed by the force due to water pressure—is 700 m. If the pressure on the inside of the wall of such a submarine is Patm, what is the force on a 1-m2 area of the wall at the collapse depth?
Answer Preview: The pressure in a fluid increases with depth A difference in pressure on opp…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 53 >> Lasers are used extensively in eye surgery to remove unwanted “material” from the eye or reshape the eye’s lens. These lasers use pulses of very intense radiation to literally “blast” away material. These pulses are typically 10 ns long (108 s) and carry an energy of 2.0 mJ each. (a) What is the power during one of these pulses? (b) If this energy is delivered to a spot on the eye that is 1.0 mm i
Answer Preview: We can find the energy from the given power and time Th…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 18 >> How is a phasor different from a vector? Is the emf a vector quantity?
Answer Preview: A phasor is a mathematical object whose instantaneous value is determined by its projection on …

, Chapter: 12 -Problem: 2 >> Identify the medium for each of the following waves:(a) Sound waves in a room(b) Waves on the surface of a pond(c) Radio waves(d) Light waves(e) Waves created when a guitar string is plucked(f) Seismic waves in the Earth
Answer Preview: a The air b The water c No medium i…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 31 >> An electric dipole is situated as shown in Figure P17.31, and the dipole charges are ±Q, with Q = 3.3 µC. A point particle with charge q is now placed at location A as shown in the figure. If the force on the particle is 2.5 N and is directed toward the origin, find q. Figure P17.31  Transcribed Image Text:
Answer Preview: We can use Coulombs law to write an expression for the forces exe…

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 11 >> A gas expands in an isobaric (constant pressure) process, with P = 4.5 × 105 Pa. If the volume changes from 4.5 m3 to 7.8 m3, how much work is done by the gas?
Answer Preview: The work done by a gas in an isobaric process is given by the constant press…

, Chapter: 1 -Problem: 58 >> A boater travels from some initial point P1?to a final point P2along the dashed line shown in Figure P1.58. Find ? and the total distance traveled. Figure P1.58 ? Transcribed Image Text: y P -77 m- 195 m P2
Answer Preview: We are given the horizontal and vertical components of …

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 10 >> A rubber ball is dropped and bounces vertically from a horizontal concrete floor. If the ball has a speed of 3.0 m/s just before striking the floor and a speed of 2.5 m/s just after bouncing, what is the average force of the floor on the ball? Assume the ball is in contact with the floor for 0.12 s and the mass of the ball is 0.15 kg.
Answer Preview: The ball bounces due to an impulse from the floor This impulse is both the cha…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 11 >> Consider a circular path as sketched in black in Figure Q21.11. This path forms the boundary for a disk and for a hemisphere as well as many other possible surfaces. If the magnetic flux through the disk is ?B, disk and the flux through the hemisphere is ?B, hemi, how are these two fluxes related? Give a physical reason to explain your answer.
Answer Preview: B disk and B hemi should be equal Physically this can be und…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 48 >> The LCR circuit in Figure P22.48 is driven by a voltage source with VAC = Vmax sin(2?ft), where Vmax = 12 V, R = 150?, and C = 25 nF. (a) If the resonant frequency is fres = 95 MHz, what is L? (b) What is the amplitude (the peak value) of the current when f = fres? Transcribed Image Text: VAC Figur
Answer Preview: The resonant frequency of an LC circuit depends on L and C This equat…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 41 >> A bug of mass 3.0 g is sitting at the edge of a CD of radius 8.0 cm. If the CD is spinning at 300 rpm, what is the angular momentum of the bug? Concerned with the magnitude of the angular momentum, not its sign.
Answer Preview: The angular momentum of any point mass moving in a circle is its m…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 6 >> It has been proposed that large flywheels could be used to store energy. Consider a flywheel made of concrete (density 2300 kg/m3) in the shape of a solid disk, with a radius of 10 m and a thickness of 2.0 m. If its rotational kinetic energy is 100 MJ (1.0 × 108 J), what is the angular velocity of the flywheel?
Answer Preview: The rotational kinetic energy depends on the angular velocity and moment of inertia …

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 40 >> An unsafe way to transport your penguin. A flatbed truck hauls a block of ice on top of which stands a penguin (see Fig. P2.40). Assume the block of ice is frozen solid to the bed of the truck, but the top surface of the ice is extremely slippery. The truck skids to a stop from an initial velocity of 20 m/s. Describe what happens to the penguin in terms of Newton€™s first law. How does it differ f
Answer Preview: Apply graphical analysis of motion and Newtons first law See Figure …

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 25 >> What is the average speed of a molecule of H2O in the atmosphere? Assume a nice spring day with T = 20°C (= 293 K).
Answer Preview: Since the temperature of a gas depends on kinetic energy the speed of a mole…

, Chapter: 14 -Problem: 19 >> One section of a steel railroad track is 25 m long. If its temperature increases by 25 K during the day, how much does the track expand?
Answer Preview: Denver is at a much higher altitude about 5280 ft 3 2 km above sea …

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 16 >> The equations describing an LC oscillator are very similar in form to those describing the mechanical harmonic oscillator of a mass on a spring. Identify the term in the equation for the mechanical oscillator that plays the role of C. What term plays the role of L? How are these corresponding pairs of variables similar?
Answer Preview: The simple harmonic oscillator has a spring constant and a mass that moves which …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 53 >> A steel cylinder of length 11 cm and radius R = 3.5 cm (Fig. P11.53A) is subjected to a compressive force of 5000 N. By what amount??L is the cylinder compressed? Figure P11.53A ? Transcribed Image Text: R F F -L?
Answer Preview: The change in length depends on the force per cross …

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 73 >> Figure P17.73 shows a cylindrical capacitor; it consists of a solid metal rod of radius r1 surrounded by a metal cylinder with inner radius r2 and outer radius r3. Suppose the capacitor has length L (with L very large). Also suppose a charge +Q is placed on the inner rod and a charge -Q is placed on the outer cylinder. (a) Find the electric field inside the rod (i.e., for r < r1). (b) Find the ele
Answer Preview: The charge will concentrate on the outside of the rod and the inside of the cylinder We can use Gaus…

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 37 >> A reversible heat pump operating between thermal reservoirs at 25°C and 10°C consumes 500 J of energy each second. How much heat energy is “pumped” into the house each second?
Answer Preview: A heat pump transfers an amount of heat equal to the work done p…

, Chapter: 1 -Problem: 62 >> The solar system in perspective. The diameters of the Earth and the Sun are approximately 1.3 × 107 m and 1.4 × 109 m respectively, and the average Sun–Earth distance is 1.5 × 1011 m. Consider a scale model of the solar system, where the Earth is represented by a peppercorn 3.7 mm in diameter. (a) Calculate the diameter of the Sun in this model. Name an object of this size that could be used in th
Answer Preview: After considering significant figures we can determine a conversion factor for our model No sketch n…

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 14 >> Consider an archer who fi res an arrow. The arrow has a mass of 0.030 kg and leaves the bow with a horizontal velocity of 80 m/s. (a) What is the impulse imparted to the arrow? Give both the magnitude and direction of the impulse. (b) What is the approximate average force of the bow string on the arrow? You will need to estimate the collision time, that is, the time two objects are in contact duri
Answer Preview: The impulse on the arrow is equal to its change in momentum This impulse is also the average force a…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 14 >> A popular classroom demonstration of Lenz’s law involves a vertical copper tube and a permanent magnet that fi ts very loosely inside the tube. The instructor fi rst shows that a permanent magnet is not attracted to the copper. The magnet is then dropped down the tube and takes a surprisingly long time to come out the bottom end of the tube. When repeating the demonstration, a student looks down t
Answer Preview: The copper tube can be thought of as many current loop…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 67 >> The power brick for the author’s laptop computer has a power rating of 45 W. It uses a step-down transformer to convert the AC voltage from a wall socket (Vrms = 120 V) to a value near 12 V. (a) What is the rms current in the input coil of the transformer? (b) What is the rms current in the output coil of the transformer?
Answer Preview: For a perfect transformer the power input equals the power output The powers ca…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 31 >> A bucket filled with dirt of mass 20 kg is suspended by a rope that hangs over a pulley of mass 30 kg and radius 0.25 m (Fig. P9.31). Everything is initially at rest, but someone is careless and lets go of the pulley and the bucket then begins to move downward. What is the speed of the bucket when it has fallen a distance of 2.5 m? Figure P9.31 ?
Answer Preview: Apply the concepts of center of mass rotational equilibrium and transla…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 90 >> In Example 10.11, we considered how the pressure ?P across the ends of a narrowed blood vessel must increase to keep the average flow speed constant. If we instead want the smaller blood vessel to have the same flow rate as the larger blood vessel, what value must ?P have?
Answer Preview: In order to keep the flow rate the same the average velocity must increase which requires a higher …

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 28 >> Using a graphical approach (i.e., by estimating the slope at various points), find the qualitative behavior of the acceleration as a function of time for the object described by the velocity€“time graph in Figure P2.28. Figure P2.28 Transcribed Image Text: v (m/s)- Ht (s) 0- - 200–400–-600- -10-
Answer Preview: Apply graphical analysis of motion and specifically the definition of acceleration Use Figure P2 28 …

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 23 >> The pressure in a gas thermometer is 5000 Pa at the freezing point of water. (a) What is the pressure in this thermometer at the boiling point of water? (b) If the pressure is 6000 Pa, what is the temperature?
Answer Preview: The pressure and temperature must increase proportionally from ze…

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 41 >> Consider a steel rod that vibrates longitudinally. If the rod is 1.5 m long, what is the fundamental frequency? Assume the ends of the rod are displacement anti nodes (i.e., it behaves as an organ pipe with both ends open).
Answer Preview: The fundamental frequency of a rod like a pipe open at both ends has press…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 26 >> A circular metal hoop is dropped over a bar magnet as sketched in Figure P21.26. (a) Make a qualitative sketch of how the current induced in the hoop varies as a function of its height z. Start with the hoop well above the north pole of the magnet and let it fall all the way to large negative values of z(z <<-  L/2). (b) Make a qualitative plot of the magnetic force on the hoop as a function of z.
Answer Preview: We need Lenzs law and the right hand rules to correctly understand and check the direction of the induced magnetic field as well as the direction of t…

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 17 >> In Chapter 3, we learned how the apparent weight of a person in an elevator depends on the acceleration of the elevator. Consider a simple pendulum that is placed in an elevator. Does the elevator’s acceleration affect the pendulum’s period? If the pendulum is accelerating downward with magnitude g, what is the period of the pendulum?
Answer Preview: The period of a simple pendulum is given by T 2 L g The g in this equation is the effec…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 77 >> A proton consists of three quarks of charge +2/3 e, +2/3 e, and -1/3e. The average spacing between the quarks is approximately 1.0 × 10-15 m. Assuming the quarks are arranged to form an equilateral triangle, find the magnitude of the total force on each quark due to the other two quarks. Do you think this arrangement of quarks is stable? Assume quarks are point charges.
Answer Preview: We can use Coulombs law to determine the force between each pair of quarks and from the force the ne…

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 46 >> You place 3.5 g of water at room temperature in a pressure cooker (a sealed pot) of volume 2.5 L and heat the water to 200°C. What is the pressure in the cooker?
Answer Preview: The ideal gas law allows us to calculate a pressure from a given amount of material, volume, and tem…

, Chapter: 1 -Problem: 8 >> Astronomical distances. Spiral galaxies like our own Milky Way measure approximately 2 × 105 light-years in diameter, where 1 light-year (ly) equals the distance traveled by light in 1 year. Our nearest-neighbor galaxy is the great spiral galaxy Andromeda, which has been determined to be approximately 2.5 million ly away. Construct a scale model to show the sizes of the Milky Way and Andromeda gal
Answer Preview: The use of ratios is appropriate here First look a…

, Chapter: 6 -Problem: 18 >> Construct bar charts showing the kinetic energy and potential energy of the projectile in Figure 6.16. Show these energies when the projectile has just left the ground, when it is at the highest point of its trajectory, and just before it returns to the ground. Explain how these charts illustrate the principle of conservation of mechanical energy.
Answer Preview: The carts mechanical energy is illustrated by the co…

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 88 >> The U.S. Navy can detect a submarine by measuring the magnetic field produced by its metal hull (usually made of a magnetic metal). For the purpose of calculating its magnetic field, model a submarine as one large current loop located at the middle of the submarine carrying 8000 A, as calculated in Example 20.9 and with a diameter equal to the diameter of the submarine. Assume that far from the su
Answer Preview: The electric field strength of a point charge is inversely proportional to r 2 Or if we are observ…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 46 >> Consider again the LC circuit in Problem 42 and Figure P22.42. If the charge on the capacitor at a particular instant is 5.0 x 10-8 C, and the energy stored in the capacitor is equal to the energy stored in the inductor, what is the current at that moment? Transcribed Image Text: 2500 pF C: 15 mH F
Answer Preview: The strategy in …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 28 >> What is the approximate period of one of the swings in Figure P11.28? Figure P11.28 ?
Answer Preview: We can calculate the period of a pendulum if we know its length …

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 50 >> Two metal blocks are attached by a cable as shown in Figure P10.50 and are submerged at rest near the surface of a lake. If the volumes are V1= 2.0 m3and V2= 1.2 m3, what is the total buoyant force on the two blocks?? Figure P10.50 ? Transcribed Image Text: V1 V2
Answer Preview: The total buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced No …

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 15 >> Figure Q2.15 shows a motion diagram for a rocket powered car. The photos are taken at 1.0-s intervals. Make qualitative plots of the position, velocity, acceleration, and force on the car as functions of time. Figure Q2.15 Transcribed Image Text: -t = 0.0 s- -t = 7.0 s- ? (m)- 500 400 |200 l100| 300
Answer Preview: x V F…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 62 >> Consider a cell phone that emits electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 1.0 GHz (1.0x109 Hz) with a power of 1.0 W. (a) What is the approximate electric field amplitude at a distance of 1000 m from the phone? Assume it radiates with spherical wavefronts. (b) What is the approximate electric field amplitude at your ear as you use the phone? Again assume it radiates with spherical wavefronts.
Answer Preview: Since the phone radiates as a point source we can find the intensity at the given distance The elect…

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 51 >> The sound from a church organ “reverberates” for many seconds after the organ stops producing sound due to reflections inside the church. That is, the sound from the organ bounces back and forth off the church walls many times before the sound intensity decays away completely. If the reverberation time is 10 s and the church has the (approximate) shape of a square box of length 25 m, approximately
Answer Preview: The sound travels back and forth across the church We ca…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 68 >> The circuit in Figure P21.68 has two identical resistors and three identical inductors. If L = 30 mH, what value must R have to give a time constant of 50 ms?    Transcribed Image Text: ll ele Figure P21.68
Answer Preview: We can combine the resistors in parallel and the three inductors in two steps into one equivalent in…

, Chapter: 12 -Problem: 5 >> A key property of a wave is that it transports energy without transporting mass. Explain how this is possible, using work– energy ideas (i.e., W = F ?x). Consider the “leading edge” of a wave.
Answer Preview: Consider the leading edge of a transverse wave like a wave on a string The …

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 7 >> The excess charge per unit area on a surface is ? = -5.0 × 10-3 C/m2. How many excess electrons are there on a 1.0-mm2 piece of the surface?
Answer Preview: We can find the total charge on the given area from the cha…

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 11 >> In Section 16.4, we asserted that the work done in any cyclic process is equal to the area enclosed by the path on a P–V plot. In Example 16.6, we proved this assertion for a cyclic process described by a rectangular path. Prove this result for a path of any shape. Hint: Use a graphical argument involving area.
Answer Preview: The work done for a small volume change V during which the pressure is nearly constant is W …

, Chapter: 6 -Problem: 14 >> The force on an object varies with position as shown in Figure P6.14. Estimate the work done on the object as it moves from the origin to x = 5.0 m. Assume the motion is one dimensional and the force is along the x direction. Figure P6.14 ? Transcribed Image Text: F (N) -40 20 10- +x (m) 3.
Answer Preview: For one dimensional work we can find the force times the displacement …

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 98 >> An electron enters a bubble chamber and produces a spiral track like that shown on the left in Figure Q20.13. The magnetic field is directed into the page, and the electron had an initial velocity of 2.7 3x108 m/s. (a) If the initial radius of the electron’s trajectory is 5.0 cm, what is its velocity when it has spiraled in to have a path with radius 2.0 cm? (b) What is the corresponding change in
Answer Preview: The radius of the circular trajectory in a uniform magnetic field is proportional to the …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 2 >> Figure P23.2 shows the directions of the electric and magnetic fi elds associated with several different electromagnetic waves. What are the directions of propagation of these waves?  Transcribed Image Text: Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 K. Figure P23.2
Answer Preview: The direction of propagation is perpendicular to both the electric and magnetic field …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 20 >> Consider the mass-on-a-spring system in Figure P11.20. Three identical springs, with the same spring constant k = 40 N/m, are used to connect the mass (m = 20 kg) to a ceiling. What is the frequency of this simple harmonic oscillator? Figure P11.20 ? Transcribed Image Text: m www www www
Answer Preview: We can analyze the restoring force provided by the three springs to determin…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 73 >> Repeat Problem 72, but now for a tube of radius 10 nm. Express your answer in pascals and as a ratio relative to atmospheric pressure. Data from Problem 72What is the capillary pressure for water in a vertical tube of diameter 0.10 mm?
Answer Preview: Again the capillary pressure depends on the radius and material water No sk…

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 2 >> A typical airplane can fly at a speed of 400 miles per hour. What is its speed in meters per second?
Answer Preview: Apply unit conversion Section 1 4 No sketch neede…

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 14 >> The gas in a cylindrical container has a pressure of 1.0 × 105 Pa and is at room temperature (293 K). A piston (a movable wall) at one end of the container is then adjusted so that the volume is reduced by a factor of three, ad it is found that the pressure increases by a factor of five. What is the final temperature of the gas?
Answer Preview: The ideal gas law can be used to relate pressure temperature and volume …

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 40 >> An organ pipe that is closed at one end has a fundamental frequency of 175 Hz. There is a leak in the church roof, and some water gets into the bottom of the pipe as shown in Figure P13.40. The organist then finds that this organ pipe has a frequency of 230 Hz. What is the depth of the water in the pipe? Figure P13.40 ? T
Answer Preview: The addition of water changes the length of the pipe which is closed at on…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 53 >> A guitar string can vibrate at different frequencies, depending on how it is held (Chapter 12). Consider a string that is being played at either 400 Hz or 800 Hz. If everything else is kept the same, how do the induced emfs at the two frequencies compare? That is, which one is larger, and by what factor? Note to musicians: Electric guitar amplifiers are designed to compensate for this frequency va
Answer Preview: We can use Faradays law to calculate the two different emfs generated from two d…

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 60 >> A damped harmonic oscillator is displaced from equilibrium and then released. The oscillator displacement as a function of time is shown in Figure P11.60. Is this oscillator under-damped or over damped? Figure P11.60 ? Transcribed Image Text: y t
Answer Preview: An oscillator is under damped if it makes more than one oscillation before coming to rest a…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 25 >> Particles of charge Q and 3Q are placed on the x axis at x = -L and x = +L, respectively. A third particle of charge q is placed on the x axis, and it is found that the total electric force on this particle is zero. Where is the particle?
Answer Preview: We can use Coulombs law to find the point at which the forces between each stationary charge and the …

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 39 >> A reversible heat engine operates between thermal reservoirs at 600 K and 150 K. What is the efficiency of this engine?
Answer Preview: A heat engines efficiency depends on the temperature difference of the hot and cold reservoirs. …

, Chapter: 4 -Problem: 15 >> A rock is thrown horizontally with a speed of 20 m/s from a vertical cliff of height 25 m. (a) How long does it take the rock to reach the horizontal ground below? (b) How far will it land from the base of the cliff? (c) What is the velocity (magnitude and direction) of the rock just before it hits the ground?
Answer Preview: For a body in free fall near the Earths surface use the equations for projectile motion The rock has …

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 79 >> Consider two long, straight, parallel wires (Fig. P20.79) carrying currents I1 = I2. At which point A, B, or C in the figure will the total magnetic field be largest? Transcribed Image Text: -•C •B Figure P20.79
Answer Preview: Each of the wires produces a magnetic field into or out of the page at each of the points in questio…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 29 >> Two capacitors with C1 = 450 pF and C2=  820 pF are connected in parallel. What is the reactance of the equivalent capacitance at 30 kHz?
Answer Preview: The two capacitances can be combined into an equivalen…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 68 >> Skee Ball amusement. The popular arcade sport of Skee Ball involves bowling a wooden ball 3 in. (7.6 cm) in diameter down an alley 9 ft long, where the ball is then launched off a short ramp as shown in Figure P9.68. Highest points are awarded to those who can launch the ball such that it lands in the topmost cylindrical hole; landing in lower and larger holes is worth fewer points. The launch ram
Answer Preview: Since the ball has to climb a ramp before launch we can use conservation of energy to determine the initial speed of the ball before it starts up the …

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 9 >> Estimate the rotational kinetic energy of an airplane propeller.
Answer Preview: In order to estimate the kinetic energy of an airplane propeller we need to estimat…

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 14 >> Make a qualitative sketch of the position y as a function of time for the center of a yo-yo (the point at the middle of the axle). Also make sketches of the velocity and acceleration as functions of time. Is the total force on the yo-yo zero or nonzero? Explain how you can tell from your graphs.
Answer Preview: The force on the yoyo is nonzero except …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 43 >> When viewed by an observer on the Earth, light from a distant galaxy is Doppler shifted to the red such that the ratio of the unshifted frequency to the observed frequency is 2.5. What is the galaxy’s speed relative to the Earth?
Answer Preview: We can use the Doppler effect equation to relate the two different frequenci…

, Chapter: 14 -Problem: 30 >> Consider a steel rod of diameter 1.0 cm and length 1.0 m. If the temperature of this rod is increased by 25°C, its length will change by a certain amount ?L. The length can also be changed by applying a tensile force. How much force must be applied to change the length of the rod by the same amount ?L?
Answer Preview: We can find the thermal expansion from the given temperature change length …

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 57 >> A loop of wire is placed in a time-varying magnetic fi eld B, inducing an emf in the loop whose magnitude varies with time as sketched in Figure P21.57 (top). Which of the graphs below shows how B varies with time?   Transcribed Image Text: Graph 1 Graph 2 Graph 3 B B Figure P21.57
Answer Preview: A changing magnetic field induces an emf See Figure P21 57 Any time t…

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 43 >> Consider a simple pendulum with L = 5.2 m and m = 3.3 kg. It is given an initial displacement y = +0.15 m (as measured along the circular arc along which it moves) and an initial velocity of +0.20 m/s. (a) What is the total mechanical energy of the oscillator? (b) What is the amplitude of the motion as measured along the circular arc followed by the pendulum mass? (c) What is the speed of the mass
Answer Preview: a The mechanical energy of the oscillator is its kinetic energy plus its potential energy and is conserved throughout the motion of the pendulum Givin…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 92 >> Repeat part (a) of Problem 91, replacing the electron with a proton and reversing the direction of the electric field. Compare your answer with the results obtained with an electron. Data From Problem 91 An electron with an initial velocity of 3.1 ? 106 m/s enters a parallel-plate capacitor at an angle of 40? through a small hole in the bottom plate as shown in Figure P17.91.? Figure P17.91 ?
Answer Preview: The uniform now downward electric field between the charged plates acts on the charge of the proton …

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 43 >> For the heat engine in Figure P16.42, during which portion(s) of the cycle does the engine do positive work on its environment and during which portion(s) does the environment do work on the system? Figure P16.42 Transcribed Image Text: 2 x 105 1 x 105 4 1 2 3 V (m³) 3. 2. P (Pa)
Answer Preview: The work done during compression'sis negative and …

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 34 >> A military gun is mounted on a railroad car (m = 1500 kg) as shown in Figure P7.34. There is no frictional force on the car, the track is horizontal, and the car is initially at rest. The gun then fires a shell of mass 30 kg with a velocity of 300 m/s at an angle of 40° with respect to the horizontal. Find the recoil velocity of the car. Figure P7.34 ?
Answer Preview: Since the normal and gravitational forces are external vertical forces vertical momentum is not cons…

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 95 >> Electric power is transmitted from the generation plant to a municipality via high-voltage power lines such as those connected to the tower in Figure P20.95. Consider a case with towers typically placed at 0.50-km intervals, with three separate lines, spaced 20 m apart and operating at a high voltage (760 kV) with typical maximum currents of 500 A. (a) Find the force on a tower to-tower length of
Answer Preview: The two wires produce magnetic fields at the position of the third The fields can be calculated usi…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 1 >> Approximately how long does it take a light wave to travel from your head to your toes? Assume you are standing straight up.
Answer Preview: The speed of light is a fundamental constant so we can determine the time needed to co…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 61 >> Consider the rotating diver shown in Figure P9.61. Suppose she has an angular speed of 60 rpm = 6.3 rad/s when she has her arms and legs pulled close to her body as shown (called the tuck position). Estimate her angular speed just before she enters the water, when her arms and legs are fully extended. Figure P9.61 ?
Answer Preview: No sketch needed The angular momentum of the diver must be cons…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 13 >> Many kilograms of asteroids land on the Earth each year. Discuss how they affect the length of a day.
Answer Preview: At first glance it appears difficult to assess the net effect of these asteroids Depending on the di…

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 3 >> In SI units, acceleration is measured in units of meters per second squared (m/s2). Which of the following combinations of units can also be used to measure acceleration?(a) Cm/s (b) Cm/s2 (c) m3/(mm2 • s2) (d) Km/s2(e) Miles per hour
Answer Preview: Apply dimensional analysis No sketch needed Dimensions of a L …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 52 >> The momentum carried by sunlight can be used by a solar sail to propel a spacecraft (Example 23.3). (a) Is the force on a sail directed toward or away from the Sun? (b) Suppose a solar sail is used for a spacecraft traveling from the Earth to Pluto. What is the ratio of the force on the sail when it is near Pluto to the force when it is near the Earth?
Answer Preview: We consider the direction and magnitude of the sunlights momentum both at Earths radius and Plutos r…

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 67 >> The sound of the talking or singing voice is produced by the vocal cords together with the vocal tract. When air is expelled through your throat, the vocal cords vibrate. For an adult man, this vibration has a fundamental frequency of about 110 Hz, with harmonics at 220 Hz, 330 Hz, 440 Hz,.... Sound with components at all these frequencies then passes through the vocal tract (Fig. P13.67A), which
Answer Preview: The harmonic frequencies of a tube depend on the length of the tube Exactly ho…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 3 >> Make a graph of an AC voltage versus time that corresponds to a frequency of 300 Hz and an rms value of 45 V. Be sure to label the axes of your graph.
Answer Preview: The amplitude and period can be found from the given values …

, Chapter: 12 -Problem: 28 >> Spruce is a type of wood that is widely used in making musical instruments (such as violins and guitars) because its Young’s modulus is high and its density is low. If Y = 1.5 × 1010 Pa and ? × 420 kg/m3, what is the speed of sound in spruce? How does that compare with the speed of sound in steel?
Answer Preview: The speed of sound for a solid material can be calculated from the values of the …

, Chapter: 18 -Problem: 5 >> Experiments show that in a particular region of space the electric field is uniform (i.e., constant). A separate experiment finds that if an electron is released from rest at the origin, it moves along the 1x direction. Make a sketch showing the direction of the original electric field (before the electron was inserted) and the associated equipotential surfaces.
Answer Preview: Electrons follow the opposite direction …

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 8 >> Consider a thermodynamic process in which an ice cube melts to become a liquid (water). Is the change in internal energy of the H2O positive or negative? Is the change in entropy of the H2O positive or negative?
Answer Preview: The internal energy of the water increases when the ice melts to …

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 33 >> A baseball pitcher (m = 80 kg) is initially standing at rest on an extremely slippery, icy surface. He then throws a baseball (m = 0.14 kg) with a horizontal velocity of 50 m/s. What is the recoil velocity of the pitcher?
Answer Preview: The momentum of the pitcher and ball together is initially zero since both …

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 51 >> A right-triangular current loop carries a current I, and a constant magnetic field B is directed perpendicular to one edge of the loop (Fig. P20.51). If u  37°, L  30 cm, and B = 2.3 T, what is the total force on the loop? Transcribed Image Text: -L
Answer Preview: The force on each wire can be calculated from the current magnetic field magnitude and angle Then …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 19 >> Fluorescent lights will glow faintly if brought under a high tension power line as shown in Figure Q23.19. The lights glow even though they are not plugged into any fixture. Explain why they glow under the power lines.  Transcribed Image Text: Figure Q23.19
Answer Preview: High tension power lines carry very high rms AC voltages typically oscillating at 60 …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 34 >> Figure P11.4 shows the position as a function of time for a mass attached to a spring. At what points are? Figure P11.4 ? (a) The magnitude of the momentum of the mass largest,? (b) The kinetic energy largest,? (c) The potential energy largest, and? (d) The total energy largest? Transcribed Image Text:
Answer Preview: Since the mass is not changing the magnitude of the momentum and kinetic energy are determined by th…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 12 >> What is the rotational kinetic energy of the Earth as it spins about its axis?
Answer Preview: The rotational kinetic energy of the Earth can be found from it…

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 57 >> Astronaut frequent-flyer miles. The average speed of a spacecraft while in orbit is about 8900 m/s. How far does the spacecraft travel during a mission that lasts 7.5 days?
Answer Preview: Apply the definition of average velocity No sketch nee…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 25 >> The human eye is most sensitive to light with a wavelength of about 550 nm. What is this light’s frequency?
Answer Preview: The product of the wavelength and frequency for any wave is equal to the wa…

, Chapter: 14 -Problem: 28 >> The author’s gold wedding ring is stuck on his finger, and he must remove it. The ring has an inside diameter of 2.00 cm, but the knuckle of the finger in question has a diameter of 2.05 cm. The author decides to get the ring off by heating it. How much must the temperature of the ring be increased for it to slide past the knuckle? Assume the author’s finger does not change size when it is heated.
Answer Preview: A rings expansion can be modeled as the linear expansion of the circumference C 0 No sketch needed T…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 14 >> Consider the AC circuit containing two resistors in Figure P22.14. If the amplitude of the AC voltage source is Vmax = 25 V, R1= 300? and R2 =  500? what is the amplitude of the current through R1 and R2? Transcribed Image Text: R1 - R2 AC Figure P22.14
Answer Preview: The current from an AC source connected to a set of resistors will de…

, Chapter: 12 -Problem: 6 >> Devise or describe an experiment that uses standing waves to measure the velocity of a wave.
Answer Preview: A rope of length L could be tied at both ends to a wall A standing w…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 79 >> A balloon of N2 at atmospheric pressure and room temperature has a volume of 1.5 m3. What is the total charge of the electrons in the balloon?
Answer Preview: If we treat the nitrogen as an ideal gas we can find the total number of molecules of gas in the bal…

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 50 >> An air bubble ascends from the bottom of a lake 15 m deep. The temperature at the bottom of the lake is 4°C, and near the surface it is 20°C. How many times larger in volume is the bubble at the top of the lake compared with its volume at the bottom?
Answer Preview: Treating the air as an ideal gas we can find the change in volume if we know the change in temperatu…

, Chapter: 6 -Problem: 12 >> A person pushes a broom at an angle of 60° with respect to the floor (Fig. P6.12). If the person exerts a force of 30 N directed along the broom handle, what is the work done by the person on the broom as he pushes it a distance of 5.0 m? Figure P6.12 ? Transcribed Image Text: 0 = 60°,
Answer Preview: The work done by a force is equal to the component of force in the direction of the …

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 4 >> The magnetic field in a particular region is independent of position, but varies in time as sketched in Figure P21.4. If a loop of area 0.24 m2 is oriented perpendicular to this magnetic field, what is the approximate magnitude of the flux through the loop at t = 0.25 s?  Transcribed Image Text: B
Answer Preview: At any moment to find the magnetic …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 14 >> Light from bulbs and other forms of indoor lighting is typically unpolarized, whereas radio waves picked up by radios or cell phones are mostly polarized. Explain why these two types of electromagnetic radiation are different in this way.
Answer Preview: Light bulbs give off light due to radiation from a hot filament This radiation is give…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 49 >> A DVD (radius 6.0 cm) is spinning freely with an angular velocity of 1200 rpm when a bug drops onto and sticks to the DVD a distance 4.5 cm from the center. If the DVD slows to 800 rpm, what is the ratio of the bug’s mass to the DVD’s mass? (Ignore the effect of the hole in the center of the DVD.)
Answer Preview: Angular momentum must be conserved in the bug DVD system No sketch needed The DVD can be modeled as …

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 87 >> When an airplane is flying at a typical cruising altitude of 30,000 ft, the cabin pressure is typically about 75% of atmospheric pressure at ground level. What is the approximate force on one of the cabin windows of the airplane?
Answer Preview: Air pressure decreases exponentially with altitude A difference in pressure on opposite sides of an …

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 12 >> The acceleration of an object that falls freely under the action of gravity near the Earth’s surface is negative and constant. (a) Does the object’s instantaneous acceleration equal its average acceleration? (b) Draw the corresponding velocity–time graph. (c) Does the instantaneous velocity equal the average velocity? Explain why or why not.
Answer Preview: a Yes The objects acceleration is a constant value and so is the same …

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 29 >> The surface of the Sun has a temperature of about 6000 K. What is the speed of a typical hydrogen molecule in the Sun’s atmosphere?
Answer Preview: The temperature of a gas determines the average kinetic energy of its consti…

, Chapter: 14 -Problem: 20 >> A new cement bridge will be 50 m long. The bridge contains expansion joints, so it will not crack when the temperature changes. Suppose you are the designer of this bridge, and your job is to design the expansion joints. Estimate how much change in length the joints will have to accommodate.
Answer Preview: The thermal expansion of cement can be found from the leng…

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 2 >> An AC circuit contains a capacitor in series with a resistor. If the frequency of the voltage source is increased while its amplitude is held fixed, does the current amplitude increase, decrease, or stay the same?
Answer Preview: As the frequency is increased the capacitive reactance …

, Chapter: 12 -Problem: 12 >> Using Equation 12.1, write the equation of a wave on a string that has an amplitude of 0.30 m, a frequency of 350 Hz, and a velocity of 250 m/s and travels to the right.
Answer Preview: The terms in Equation 12 1 can be calculated from the frequency a…

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 36 >> Find the electric field a distance of 1.0 nm from an electron. Is this field directed toward or away from the electron?
Answer Preview: The electric field near a charged particle depends on the charge of the particl…

, Chapter: 16 -Problem: 21 >> A system undergoes a two-step process as sketched in Figure P16.21. The system first expands at constant pressure from state I to state A and then it is compressed with the pressure again held fixed, ending with the system in state f. What is the approximate amount of work done by the system during each step?  Figure P16.21 
Answer Preview: This is an isobaric expansion and compression, so the work done in each case is the pre…

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 28 >> Consider an elastic collision in one dimension that involves objects of mass 2.5 kg and 4.5 kg. The larger mass is initially at rest, and the smaller one has an initial velocity of 12 m/s. Find the velocities of the two objects after the collision.
Answer Preview: We are told that the collision is elastic so momentum and kinetic energy are both conserved By requi…

, Chapter: 20 -Problem: 52 >> Consider again the force on the triangular current loop in Figure P20.51, but now work out the force as a function of L, u, and B. Explain your answer. Transcribed Image Text: -L
Answer Preview: We treat each wire separately and find the force on each one of the wires summing them to get the to…

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 11 >> Suppose you are given a polarizer, but the axis of polarization is not marked. Devise an experiment you could do to determine the polarization axis.
Answer Preview: To find the polarization of an unknown polarizer we …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 2 >> A person’s heart beats 70 times in 1 minute. What is the average frequency of this oscillation?
Answer Preview: Each beat of the heart can be considered an oscillation No sketch need…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 52 >> For the blocks in Problem 50, assume they are barely submerged in water so that block 1 is just below the surface. If block 2 has a density twice that of block 1, what is the density of block 2? Data from problem 50 Two metal blocks are attached by a cable as shown in Figure P10.50 and are submerged at rest near the surface of a lake. If the volumes are V1 = 2.0 m3 and V2 = 1.2 m3, what is the to
Answer Preview: The total buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced No sketch needed T…

, Chapter: 3 -Problem: 6 >> You are riding in a car that starts from rest, accelerates for a short distance, and then moves with constant velocity. Explain why you feel a force from the back of your seat only while the car is accelerating and not while you are moving with a constant velocity.
Answer Preview: While the car is accelerating and you are inside the ca…

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 28 >> You have a container of an ideal gas at room temperature (20°C) and pressure, and you want to use it to store energy in the form of the kinetic energy of the gas. If you want to double the energy in the system, what must be the temperature’s new value?
Answer Preview: Changing the energy by changing the temperature means increasing the kin…

, Chapter: 13 -Problem: 69 >> Consider the falling tuning fork in Problem 68 with frequency 440 Hz. (a) You hear it splash into the water at the bottom of the well after 1.8 s. How deep is the well? (b) What frequency is heard just before the splash? Assume the tuning fork undergoes free fall with negligible air drag.
Answer Preview: a The 1 8 s must be time both for the tuning fork to fall and for the sound to travel back up the we…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 18 >> A circular loop of wire lies in the x–y plane so that the axis of the loop lies along z (Fig. P21.18). A magnetic field of magnitude B is parallel to the z axis. This field is positive (i.e., along the z direction) and is the same everywhere within the area of the loop. If B is decreasing with time, what is the direction of the induced current in the loop as viewed from above?  
Answer Preview: We use Lenzs law to determine the direction of the induced magnetic field and the right hand …

, Chapter: 11 -Problem: 59 >> A steel string (diameter 1.0 mm) of length 2.5 m hangs vertically. At the bottom of the string is a seat. When a child of mass m sits on the seat, she finds that the string stretches so that its new length is 1.8 mm longer than before. What is the mass of the child? Ignore the mass of the seat.
Answer Preview: The amount the steel string stretches is proportional to its …

, Chapter: 17 -Problem: 18 >> Three point charges Q1, Q2, and Q3 are arranged to form an equilateral triangle as shown in Figure P17.18. The signs of these charges are unknown. (a) A test charge Qtest is now placed at point A. If the net force on the test charge is zero, what might be the signs of Q1, Q2, and Q3? Pick the correct option(s).(i) Q1, Q2, and Q3 are all positive.(ii) Q1, Q2, and Q3 are all negative.(iii) Q1 and Q2
Answer Preview: The net force is a superposition of the Coulomb force from each charge Figure P17 18 provides a good …

, Chapter: 15 -Problem: 42 >> Approximately how long does it take a hydrogen molecule to diffuse across a small room?
Answer Preview: The rate of diffusion is determined by the diffusion constant for a substance in a medium, which is …

, Chapter: 7 -Problem: 35 >> An open railroad car of mass 2500 kg is coasting with an initial speed of 14 m/s on a friction less, horizontal track. It is raining, and water begins to accumulate in the car. After some time, it is found that the speed of the car is only 11 m/s. How much water (in kilograms) has accumulated in the car?
Answer Preview: Momentum must be conserved along the direction of motion of t…

, Chapter: 21 -Problem: 13 >> Consider again the copper loop in Figure Q21.12, but this time assume the loop has constant acceleration. Again determine the direction of the current (if any) induced in the copper loop at each point 1 through 5 along its path. Again assume the field is uniform inside the two dashed rectangles and zero outside. Figure 21.12
Answer Preview: 1 As the loop enters the region of magnetic field directed out of page the loop will see an increase …

, Chapter: 22 -Problem: 19 >> You are given two capacitors with capacitances of 20 pF and 20 ?F. If the frequency is 5000 Hz, which capacitor has the larger reactance?
Answer Preview: The capacitive reactance can be calculated from the capacitance and th…

, Chapter: 9 -Problem: 66 >> The mechanical governor shown in Figure P9.66 was invented by James Watt (Chapter 6) to regulate and limit, through feedback, a steam engine?s maximum speed. The device consists of two spherical masses connected via lightweight metal arms that can simultaneously rotate about a shaft and pivot outward from a hinge at the top, allowing, depending on the rotation rate, the masses to rise. Two more ro
Answer Preview: The masses move in a horizontal circle and are therefore subject to a horizontal centripetal acceleration provided by the rod In the vertical directio…

, Chapter: 10 -Problem: 66 >> A fire extinguisher contains a high-pressure liquid so that it can spray the liquid out very quickly when needed. If the fluid leaves a fire extinguisher at a speed of 20 m/s, what is the pressure inside? Assume an ideal fluid (i.e., a fluid with no viscosity).
Answer Preview: Bernoullis equation allows us to keep track of how pressure and speed ch…

, Chapter: 2 -Problem: 30 >> Draw a possible position€“time graph for an object whose velocity as a function of time is described by (a) Figure P2.28 and (b) Figure P2.29. Figure P2.28 Figure P2.29 Transcribed Image Text: v (m/s) HHt (s) 200-400–60- 0- -10 v (m/s) 40- 30- 20 10 100 t (s) 200- 0-
Answer Preview: Apply graphical analysis of motion See Figures P2 2829 and Ans2 30ab for one possible answer Use the …

, Chapter: 23 -Problem: 27 >> X-rays are electromagnetic waves with very short wavelengths. Suppose an X-ray has a wavelength of 0.10 nm. What is its frequency?
Answer Preview: The product of the wavelength and frequency are equal to the speed of the electromagnetic …

, Chapter: 14 -Problem: 24 >> You are given the job of designing a bridge that is to be made of concrete slabs that rest on a steel support frame. The total length of the bridge is 300 m, and you want to be sure that the expansion joints are sufficiently large. If the temperature increases by 25°C, what is the difference in the new lengths of the concrete and steel components of the bridge? Which of these components will have
Answer Preview: This is a problem of thermal expansion As the temperature increases we expect

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